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How To Calculate Cutting Length of Stirrups
Different shapes of rings/Links/stirrups have varying cutting lengths. Today here, we are going to learn “How to calculate the cutting length of Stirrups for various shapes”.
Remember, The transverse bars provided in the column are known as Ties, and the transverse bars provided in the beam are known as Stirrups. But on-site; generally, we use the same term stirrup for both mounts.
Stirrups are used in beams to counteract shear failure and to hold the longitudinal bars in position.
Method for Calculating Cutting Length of Stirrups
- Study the size of a beam or column on drawings
- Check the diameter of the bar given for stirrups (Mostly 8mm diameter is used for stirrups)
- Subtract the clear cover or concrete cover.
- Calculate the total perimeter/outer length for the stirrup by deducting the concrete cover.
- Then add the hook length to the outer length of the stirrup.
- Now Subtract the Length of bends.
Formula
Cutting Length of Stirrup = Perimeter of stirrup shape + Hook Length – Bend length
Important Formulas
Perimeter of Rectangle = 2( Length + Width )
Perimeter of Square = 4 × Side Length
Circumference/ perimeter of Circle = 2лr or лd ( Where R = radius, d = Diameter)
Example
There is a typical diagram of a stirrup for a better understanding of concrete cover, length, width, hook and bend.
The stirrup shown in the image above has a concrete cover around it, 5 bands at 4 corners and 2 hooks.
A = A is the length of the stirrup in the horizontal direction.
B = B is the length of the stirrup in the vertical direction.
Also read - Bar Bending Schedule (BBS) - Importance, Advantages, Preparation.
Standard Length of Hook and Bend
Hook length = 9d or 75 mm (for One hook)
Bend Length for 45° = 1d
Bend Length for 90° = 2d
Bend Length for 135° = 3d (Where d = Diameter of Bar)
Cutting Length of Rectangular Stirrup
The rectangular shape is most common and generally used for beams and columns in many structures. This shape column and beam have rectangular shape stirrups.
Considering
Rctangular Column of Size = 300 mm × 600 mm
Diameter of bar used for Stirrup = 8 mm
Concrete Cover = 25 mm
Step1 – Deduct Concrete Cover
A = 300 – 25 – 25 = 250
B = 600 – 25 – 25 = 550
Step2 – The perimeter of stirrup = 2(L + W) = 2(250 + 550) = 1600 mm
Step3 – Hook Length
There are two hooks in this stirrup hence the total length of the hook = 9d + 9d = 18d
Step4 – Bend Length
From the figure shown above, there are 3 bends at 90° and 2 bends at 135°
Total Bend Length = 3 × 2d + 2 × 3d = 6d + 6d = 12d
Cutting Length of rectangular stirrup = Perimeter + Hook Length – Bend length.
= 2 × (250 + 550) + 18 × 8 – 96
= 1648 mm or 1.648 meter
Also, Read - How to Calculate Unit Weight of Steel Bars?
Cutting Length of Square Stirrup
The square shape is also the most common and generally used for beams and columns in several structures. This shape column and beam have square shape stirrups.
Considering
Square Column of Size = 300 mm × 300 mm
The diameter of the bar used for stirrup = 8 mm
Concrete Cover = 25 mm
- Deduct Concrete Cover
A = 300 – 25 – 25 = 250
B = 300 – 25 – 25 = 250
2. Perimeter of Square Stirrup = 4 × 250 = 1000
3. Total Hook Length = 9d + 9d = 18d
4. Bend Length
From the figure shown above, there are 3 bends at 90° and 2 bends at 135°
Total Bend Length = 3 × 2d + 2 × 3d = 6d + 6d = 12d
Cutting Length of Square stirrup = Perimeter + Hook Length – Bend length.
= 4 × 250 + 18 × 8 – 12 × 8
= 1048 mm say 1.048
Cutting Length of Circular Stirrup
Considering
Circular Column of Diameter = 300 mm
The diameter of the bar used for Stirrup = 8 mm
Concrete Cover = 50 mm
- Deduct Concrete Cove = 300 – 50 – 50 = 200 mm
2. Circumference (perimeter) of stirrup = лd = л × 200 = 628.31 say 628 mm
3. Hook Length = 9d + 9d = 18d = 18 × 8 = 144 mm
4. Bend length
There are two bends at 135°
So total bend length = 3d +3d = 6d = 6 × 8 = 48
Cutting Length of Circular stirrup = Perimeter/Circumference + Hook Length – Bend Length
= 628 + 144 – 48
= 724 mm or 0.724 meter
Cutting Length of Triangular Stirrup
Considering
Circular Column of Diameter = 230 mm × 230 mm
The diameter of the bar used for stirrup = 8 mm
Concrete Cover = 25 mm
- Deducting Concrete Cover
A = 230 – 25 – 25 = 180 mm
B = 230 – 25 – 25 = 180 mm
2. Perimeter of Triangular Stirrup
By Pythagoras theorem
Hypotenuse2 = Base2 + Height2
H2 = (A/2)2 + B2
H2 = 902 + 1802
H = √( 902 + 1802)
H = 201.24 say 201 mm
The perimeter of stirrup = 2 × H + Base = 2 × 201 + 180 = 582 mm
3. Hook Length = 9d + 9d = 18d = 18 × 8 = 144 mm
4. Band Length
There are 4 bens at 135°
Total Bend Length = 4 × 3d = 12d = 12 × 8 = 96
Cutting Length of Triangular stirrup = Perimeter + Hook Length – Bend length
= 582 + 144 – 96
= 630 mm or 0.63 meter
Cutting Length of Diamond Stirrup
Considering
Rctangular Column of Size = 350 mm × 350 mm
Diameter of bar used for Stirrup = 8 mm
Concrete Cover = 25 mm
- Deduct concrete cove from all side
A = 350 – 25 -25 = 300 mm
B = 350 -25 – 25 = 300 mm
2. The perimeter of the stirrup
By Pythagoras theorem
Hypotenuse2 = Base2 + Height2
H2 = 1502 + 1502
H = √( 1502 + 1502)
H = 212.13 say 212 mm
The perimeter of diamond stirrup = 4 × H = 4 × 212 = 848 mm
3. Total Hook Length = 9d +9d = 18d = 18 × 8 = 144 mm
4. Bend Length
From the above figure diamond stirrup have 3 bends at 90° and 2 bends at 135°.
Total Bend Length = 2 × 3d + 2 × 3d = 12d = 12 × 8 = 96
Cutting Length of Diamond Stirrup = Perimeter + Hook Length – Bend Length
= 848 + 144 – 96
= 896 mm or 0.896 meter
Cutting Length of Helical Stirrup
A spiral stirrup is similar to a circular stirrup except for the hook.
Considering
Circular Column of Diameter = 600 mm
The diameter of the bar used for stirrup = 8 mm and pitch 150 mm
Concrete Cover = 50 mm
Deducting Concrete Cover = 600 – 50 – 50 = 500 mm
Perimeter of stirrup
Circumference of circle = πd = π × 500 = 1570.79 mm or 1.57
Numbers of spiral = Total Length/pitch + 1 = 9000/150 + 1 = 61 numbers
Length of Spiral Stirrup or Ring = Number of spiral × Length of one Spiral
= 61 × 1.57
= 95.77 say 96 meters.
We can also calculate the cutting length of spiral Stirrup by the formula given below.
Cutting Length of Helical Stirrup = n√(C2 + P2)
Where
n = Numbers of Spiral
C = Circumference of one spiral
P = Pitch
L = n√c2 + p2
N = H/p = 9/0.15 + 1 = 61
C = лD = л × 0.5 = 1.5707 say 1.57 meter
P = 150 mm or 0.15 meter
L = n√c2 + p2
L = 61√(1.57)2 + (0.15)2
L = 61 × 1.57
L = 95.77 say 96 meter
I hope now you have enough knowledge on how to calculate the cutting length of stirrup for different shapes, like this article and share this information with your friends.
Also, Read
How to Calculate Cement, Sand, Aggregate and Water Quantity for Concrete Mix Ratio?
How to Calculate Brick, Cement and Cement for Brickwork?
How to Calculate Quantity of Material For Plaster?
Unit Weight of Building Materials Used in Construction.