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Calculation of Quantity of Materials For Concrete Mix Ratio
Concrete is the mixture of cement, sand, aggregates and water. Cement concrete is the major building material in the construction industry. It can be easily moulded into durable structural members.
Today in this article we will learn how to calculate the quantity of cement, sand, aggregate and water for 1 cum concrete.
Important Points For Estimation
Density of Cement = 1440 kg/ m3
Density of Sand = 1450 – 1500 kg/ m3
Density of Aggregate = 1450 – 1550 kg/ m3
Quantity or Weight of Cement in 1 Bag = 50 KG
Volume of 1 Bag Cement in Cum = 0.03472 cubic meter
Volume of 1 Bag Cement in Cft = 1.226 cubic feet
Numbers of Cement Bags in 1 cum = 28.8 nos.
How many Cft in 1 Cum = 35.31 cft
For M-15 Grade Concrete
Grade of Concrete – M-15
Mix Ratio = 1:2:4 (cement:sand:aggregate)
Sum of ratio = (1+2+4) = 7
Wet volume of concrete = 1 cum.
To get dry volume, wet volume increased by 54%
Dry volume of concrete = 1 + 0.54
Dry volume of concrete = 1.54 (Volume increased by 54%)
Why we take 54 %?
The reason is dry aggregate, sand and cement contain air voids. Dry aggregate contains 33 to 34% air voids, whereas sand contains 20% air voids and cement contains very fine particles hence it contains negligible are voids so we can ignore it. Now add the air voids of sand and aggregate that are 20% +34% = 54% so this is the reason we have to add 54% for wet to dry volume of materials.
Quantity of Cement
Quantity of Cement = Dry volume/sum of ratio × ratio of cement
= 1.54 / 7 × 1 = 0.22 cum (where 1 is ratio of cement)
Quantity of cement in kg = 1.54 / 7 × 1440 (Density of cement = 1440 kg/ m3)
Quantity of cement in Bags = 316.8 / 50 = 6.336 (weight of one bag cement = 50 kg)
Quantity of cement in cubic feet = Nos of bags × 1.226 (Volume of 1 bag cement = 1.226 cft)
Quantity of Sand
Quantity of Sand in cum = 1.54 / 7 × 2 (where 2 is the ratio of sand )
= 0.44 cum
Quantity of Sand in kg = 0.44 × 1450 (density of sand = 1450 to 1500 kg/m3)
Quantity of Sand in cubic feet = 1.54 / 7 × 2 × 35.314 (1 cum = 35.314 cft )
= 15.53 cft
Alternative way
Quantity of Sand in cubic feet = Nos of cement bags x Volume of one bag cement in cft × Ratio of sand
= 6.336 × 1.226 × 2
= 15.53 cft
Quantity of Aggregate
Quantity of Aggregate in cum = 1.54 / 7 × 4 (where 4 is the ratio of aggregate )
= 0.88 cum
Quantity of Aggregate in kg = 0.88 × 1500 (Density of Aggregate = 1450 to 1550 kg / cum )
= 1320 kg
Quantity of Aggregate in cubic feet = 1.54 / 7 × 4 × 35.314
= 31.07 cft
Alternative way
Quantity of Aggregate in cubic feet = Nos of cement bags × Volume of one bag cement in cft × Ratio of aggregate
= 6.336 × 1.226 × 4
= 31.07 cft
Quantity of water
Let us consider water cement ratio = 0.45
Water requirement for 1 bag cement = 0.45 x 0.0347 (Volume of 1 bag cement = 0.0353 cum)
= 0.0156 cum
1 cubic meter = 1000 liter
Water requirement for 1 bag cement = 0.0156 × 1000
= 15.6 litres
Water requirement for 6.336 bag cement = 6.336 × 15.6
= 98.93 litres
Conclusion
For M-15 grade concrete (1:2:4)
Cement = 6.336 bags
Sand = 0.44 cum
Aggregate = 0.88 cum
Water = 98.93 litres
Similarly, we can calculate the quantity of materials for different mix ratios.
I hope now you understood how to calculate quantity of material for different concrete mix ratio.
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